[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":985},["ShallowReactive",2],{"\u002Farticle\u002Fdetail\u002F20250629153609":3,"\u002Farticle\u002Fdetail\u002F20250629153609-surround":974},{"id":4,"title":5,"articleId":6,"articleThumb":7,"body":8,"categoryId":332,"categoryInfo":945,"createDate":949,"description":950,"excerpt":951,"extension":955,"isHidden":956,"isHot":957,"isRecommend":956,"isTop":956,"keywords":958,"meta":959,"navigation":957,"path":960,"rawbody":961,"readingTime":962,"seo":963,"sitemap":964,"stem":965,"tagIds":966,"tagInfo":967,"updateDate":971,"wordCount":972,"__hash__":973},"blog\u002Fblog\u002F6.GitHub克隆拉取和推送代码时443超时问题解决方法.md","GitHub克隆拉取和推送代码时443超时问题解决方法","20250629153609","https:\u002F\u002Fgcore.jsdelivr.net\u002Fgh\u002FAnyFork\u002FResource\u002Fimages\u002F20260327204841213.webp",{"type":9,"value":10,"toc":934},"minimark",[11,15,20,23,26,31,34,57,63,66,78,83,87,99,109,123,146,152,165,172,178,194,197,211,217,504,508,518,521,573,576,602,606,609,613,623,627,632,635,682,693,732,737,740,765,773,778,781,813,816,841,846,849,891,893,927,930],[12,13,14],"p",{},"在国内由于网络原因，在命令窗口能够Ping通github.com域名，但通过git命令操作github仓库代码时，无论是克隆，拉取、推送还是提交，经常会出现fatal: unable to access 'xxx': Failed to connect to github.com port 443: Timed out 禁止访问连接或者github连接超时异常，有时候即使开了梯子也没用，把VPN工具改成全局路由模式也不行。下面记录几种常见解决方法，彻底解决git命令连接github连接超时问题。",[16,17,19],"h2",{"id":18},"_1-修改hosts文件","1 修改hosts文件",[12,21,22],{},"Hosts文件是系统中用于将网址域名与IP地址进行快速映射的数据库，在用户访问网站时优先被查询。这个没有扩展名的系统文件，虽然不起眼，却扮演着至关重要的角色。它类似于一个关联“数据库”，将众多常用的网址域名与对应的IP地址紧密相连。每当用户在浏览器中输入一个网址并尝试登录时，系统会首先自动在Hosts文件中寻找相应的IP地址。一旦找到，系统会迅速打开对应的网页；若未找到，则会自动将网址提交至DNS域名解析服务器进行IP地址的深入解析。",[12,24,25],{},"在解决 GitHub 在提交代码时出现 443 错误的问题时，修改 hosts 文件是一个可能的解决方案。这通常发生在 GitHub 的 IP 地址被错误地解析或者 DNS 解析出现问题的情况下，导致连接超时问题。通过修改hosts文件后，你可以绕过国内的访问限制，当尝试访问github及其相关域名时，系统将优先使用这些映射，从而可能解决网络连通性问题。以下是具体步骤：",[27,28,30],"h3",{"id":29},"_11-查找github的ip地址","1.1 查找GitHub的IP地址",[12,32,33],{},"首先，你需要找到 GitHub 的 IP 地址。可以通过运行以下命令来获取 GitHub 的 IP 地址：",[35,36,41],"pre",{"className":37,"code":38,"language":39,"meta":40,"style":40},"language-Bash shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","ping github.com\n","Bash","",[42,43,44],"code",{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,46,49,53],"span",{"class":47,"line":48},"line",1,[45,50,52],{"class":51},"sBMFI","ping",[45,54,56],{"class":55},"sfazB"," github.com\n",[12,58,59],{},[60,61],"img",{"alt":40,"src":62},"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F06\u002F20250629165553736.webp",[12,64,65],{},"或者，你可以使用以下命令获取更多 IP 地址：",[35,67,69],{"className":37,"code":68,"language":39,"meta":40,"style":40},"nslookup github.com\n",[42,70,71],{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,72,73,76],{"class":47,"line":48},[45,74,75],{"class":51},"nslookup",[45,77,56],{"class":55},[12,79,80],{},[60,81],{"alt":40,"src":82},"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F06\u002F20250629165553775.webp",[27,84,86],{"id":85},"_12-手动编辑hosts文件","1.2 手动编辑hosts文件",[12,88,89,90,94,95,98],{},"在不同操作系统中，Hosts文件的位置各有不同，便于管理和编辑。例如，在Windows系统中，它通常位于",[42,91,93],{"color":92},"primary","C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts","路径下；而在Android和iOS系统中，它则分别位于",[42,96,97],{"color":92},"\u002Fetc\u002Fhosts和\u002Fprivate\u002Fetc\u002Fhosts","等路径。对于Mac OS X系统，其位置则可能因版本不同而有所差异。",[100,101,102],"ul",{},[103,104,105],"li",{},[106,107,108],"strong",{},"对于Windows系统",[12,110,111,112,115,116,118,119,122],{},"1、",[106,113,114],{},"以管理员权限身份","，通过记事本打开",[42,117,93],{"color":92},"文件。",[120,121],"br",{},"\n2、在文件末尾添加以下行（替换 \u003Cgithub_ip> 为你从 ping 或 nslookup 命令中获取的 IP 地址）:",[35,124,128],{"className":125,"code":126,"language":127,"meta":40,"style":40},"language-bash shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight"," \u003Cgithub_ip> github.com\n","bash",[42,129,130],{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,131,132,136,139,143],{"class":47,"line":48},[45,133,135],{"class":134},"sMK4o"," \u003C",[45,137,138],{"class":51},"github_ip",[45,140,142],{"class":141},"sTEyZ","> ",[45,144,145],{"class":55},"github.com\n",[12,147,148,149,151],{},"3、保存修改后的配置文件，并关闭文件。",[120,150],{},"\n4、为了确保更改生效，你可以清空 DNS 缓存，在终端刷新本地DNS缓存：",[35,153,155],{"className":125,"code":154,"language":127,"meta":40,"style":40},"ipconfig \u002Fflushdns\n",[42,156,157],{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,158,159,162],{"class":47,"line":48},[45,160,161],{"class":51},"ipconfig",[45,163,164],{"class":55}," \u002Fflushdns\n",[100,166,167],{},[103,168,169],{},[106,170,171],{},"对于 macOS 或 Linux",[12,173,174,175,177],{},"1、打开终端。",[120,176],{},"\n2、使用文本编辑器打开 \u002Fetc\u002Fhosts 文件，例如使用命令：",[35,179,181],{"className":125,"code":180,"language":127,"meta":40,"style":40}," sudo vi \u002Fetc\u002Fhosts\n",[42,182,183],{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,184,185,188,191],{"class":47,"line":48},[45,186,187],{"class":51}," sudo",[45,189,190],{"class":55}," vi",[45,192,193],{"class":55}," \u002Fetc\u002Fhosts\n",[12,195,196],{},"3、在文件末尾添加以下行（同样替换 \u003Cgithub_ip>）：",[35,198,199],{"className":125,"code":126,"language":127,"meta":40,"style":40},[42,200,201],{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,202,203,205,207,209],{"class":47,"line":48},[45,204,135],{"class":134},[45,206,138],{"class":51},[45,208,142],{"class":141},[45,210,145],{"class":55},[12,212,213,214,216],{},"4、保存修改后的配置文件，并关闭文件。",[120,215],{},"\n5、在 macOS 或 Linux 上，通常不需要手动清空 DNS 缓存，因为系统会自动处理。但如果你怀疑有缓存问题，可以尝试重启你的计算机。",[218,219,221,238,501],"callout",{"color":92,"icon":220},"circum:warning",[12,222,223,224,226,227,229,230,233,234,237],{},"温馨提示",[120,225],{},"\n1 修改hosts方法可能不太稳定，但至少在一定程度上能够解决问题。如果过一段时间后，发现修改hosts也无法连接，需要重新修改hosts文件中ip和github映射关系。",[120,228],{},"\n2 如果",[42,231,232],{},"hosts","文件中加入",[42,235,236],{},"\u003Cgithub ip> github.com","后发现还是连接不通，可以尝试加入以下IP地址和域名映射关系：",[35,239,241],{"className":125,"code":240,"language":127,"meta":40,"style":40},"185.199.108.154   github.githubassets.com\n140.82.113.22     central.github.com\n185.199.108.133   desktop.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.109.153   assets-cdn.github.com\n185.199.110.133   camo.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   github.map.fastly.net\n151.101.201.194   github.global.ssl.fastly.net\n140.82.116.3      gist.github.com\n185.199.108.153   github.io\n140.82.116.3      github.com\n140.82.116.6      api.github.com\n185.199.111.133   raw.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   user-images.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   favicons.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.110.133   avatars5.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars4.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars3.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.109.133   avatars2.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars1.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars0.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.109.133   avatars.githubusercontent.com\n140.82.116.9      codeload.github.com\n52.217.135.153    github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com\n3.5.21.109        github-com.s3.amazonaws.com\n3.5.29.177        github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com\n52.216.63.25      github-production-user-asset-6210df.s3.amazonaws.com\n52.217.223.1      github-production-repository-file-5c1aeb.s3.amazonaws.com\n185.199.110.153   githubstatus.com\n140.82.112.17     github.community\n185.199.108.133   media.githubusercontent.com\n",[42,242,243,251,260,269,278,287,295,304,313,322,330,339,348,356,364,372,380,388,397,405,413,421,430,439,448,457,466,475,484,493],{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,244,245,248],{"class":47,"line":48},[45,246,247],{"class":51},"185.199.108.154",[45,249,250],{"class":55},"   github.githubassets.com\n",[45,252,254,257],{"class":47,"line":253},2,[45,255,256],{"class":51},"140.82.113.22",[45,258,259],{"class":55},"     central.github.com\n",[45,261,263,266],{"class":47,"line":262},3,[45,264,265],{"class":51},"185.199.108.133",[45,267,268],{"class":55},"   desktop.githubusercontent.com\n",[45,270,272,275],{"class":47,"line":271},4,[45,273,274],{"class":51},"185.199.109.153",[45,276,277],{"class":55},"   assets-cdn.github.com\n",[45,279,281,284],{"class":47,"line":280},5,[45,282,283],{"class":51},"185.199.110.133",[45,285,286],{"class":55},"   camo.githubusercontent.com\n",[45,288,290,292],{"class":47,"line":289},6,[45,291,265],{"class":51},[45,293,294],{"class":55},"   github.map.fastly.net\n",[45,296,298,301],{"class":47,"line":297},7,[45,299,300],{"class":51},"151.101.201.194",[45,302,303],{"class":55},"   github.global.ssl.fastly.net\n",[45,305,307,310],{"class":47,"line":306},8,[45,308,309],{"class":51},"140.82.116.3",[45,311,312],{"class":55},"      gist.github.com\n",[45,314,316,319],{"class":47,"line":315},9,[45,317,318],{"class":51},"185.199.108.153",[45,320,321],{"class":55},"   github.io\n",[45,323,325,327],{"class":47,"line":324},10,[45,326,309],{"class":51},[45,328,329],{"class":55},"      github.com\n",[45,331,333,336],{"class":47,"line":332},11,[45,334,335],{"class":51},"140.82.116.6",[45,337,338],{"class":55},"      api.github.com\n",[45,340,342,345],{"class":47,"line":341},12,[45,343,344],{"class":51},"185.199.111.133",[45,346,347],{"class":55},"   raw.githubusercontent.com\n",[45,349,351,353],{"class":47,"line":350},13,[45,352,265],{"class":51},[45,354,355],{"class":55},"   user-images.githubusercontent.com\n",[45,357,359,361],{"class":47,"line":358},14,[45,360,265],{"class":51},[45,362,363],{"class":55},"   favicons.githubusercontent.com\n",[45,365,367,369],{"class":47,"line":366},15,[45,368,283],{"class":51},[45,370,371],{"class":55},"   avatars5.githubusercontent.com\n",[45,373,375,377],{"class":47,"line":374},16,[45,376,265],{"class":51},[45,378,379],{"class":55},"   avatars4.githubusercontent.com\n",[45,381,383,385],{"class":47,"line":382},17,[45,384,265],{"class":51},[45,386,387],{"class":55},"   avatars3.githubusercontent.com\n",[45,389,391,394],{"class":47,"line":390},18,[45,392,393],{"class":51},"185.199.109.133",[45,395,396],{"class":55},"   avatars2.githubusercontent.com\n",[45,398,400,402],{"class":47,"line":399},19,[45,401,265],{"class":51},[45,403,404],{"class":55},"   avatars1.githubusercontent.com\n",[45,406,408,410],{"class":47,"line":407},20,[45,409,265],{"class":51},[45,411,412],{"class":55},"   avatars0.githubusercontent.com\n",[45,414,416,418],{"class":47,"line":415},21,[45,417,393],{"class":51},[45,419,420],{"class":55},"   avatars.githubusercontent.com\n",[45,422,424,427],{"class":47,"line":423},22,[45,425,426],{"class":51},"140.82.116.9",[45,428,429],{"class":55},"      codeload.github.com\n",[45,431,433,436],{"class":47,"line":432},23,[45,434,435],{"class":51},"52.217.135.153",[45,437,438],{"class":55},"    github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com\n",[45,440,442,445],{"class":47,"line":441},24,[45,443,444],{"class":51},"3.5.21.109",[45,446,447],{"class":55},"        github-com.s3.amazonaws.com\n",[45,449,451,454],{"class":47,"line":450},25,[45,452,453],{"class":51},"3.5.29.177",[45,455,456],{"class":55},"        github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com\n",[45,458,460,463],{"class":47,"line":459},26,[45,461,462],{"class":51},"52.216.63.25",[45,464,465],{"class":55},"      github-production-user-asset-6210df.s3.amazonaws.com\n",[45,467,469,472],{"class":47,"line":468},27,[45,470,471],{"class":51},"52.217.223.1",[45,473,474],{"class":55},"      github-production-repository-file-5c1aeb.s3.amazonaws.com\n",[45,476,478,481],{"class":47,"line":477},28,[45,479,480],{"class":51},"185.199.110.153",[45,482,483],{"class":55},"   githubstatus.com\n",[45,485,487,490],{"class":47,"line":486},29,[45,488,489],{"class":51},"140.82.112.17",[45,491,492],{"class":55},"     github.community\n",[45,494,496,498],{"class":47,"line":495},30,[45,497,265],{"class":51},[45,499,500],{"class":55},"   media.githubusercontent.com\n",[12,502,503],{},"上面具体域名对应的映射ip，可以通过命令行ping的方式获取。",[27,505,507],{"id":506},"_13-工具编辑hosts文件","1.3 工具编辑hosts文件",[12,509,510,511,514,515,517],{},"对于windows系统可以借助第三方工具",[42,512,513],{},"WinHostsManager","进行修改",[42,516,232],{},"文件。‌ WinHostsManager 是一款功能强大的hosts文件管理工具，主要用于管理和修改hosts文件。‌",[12,519,520],{},"WinHostsManager的主要功能包括：",[522,523,524,530,536,542,548,554,561,567],"ol",{},[103,525,526,529],{},[106,527,528],{},"添加新的host项目‌："," 用户可以轻松添加新的IP地址和域名映射。",[103,531,532,535],{},[106,533,534],{},"保存修改‌："," 将新的IP地址和域名直接加载到hosts文件中并保存",[103,537,538,541],{},[106,539,540],{},"显示最高映射方案‌："," 提供当前最高的映射方案，方便用户选择。",[103,543,544,547],{},[106,545,546],{},"获取最快的主机IP编辑方式‌："," 优化编辑过程，提高编辑效率。",[103,549,550,553],{},[106,551,552],{},"支持重启主机‌："," 编辑完成后，支持重启主机以应用更改",[103,555,556,557,560],{},"‌",[106,558,559],{},"查看端口项目‌："," 在列表上查看打开的端口项目。",[103,562,556,563,566],{},[106,564,565],{},"建立过滤‌："," 提供过滤功能，方便管理hosts文件‌。",[103,568,569,572],{},[106,570,571],{},"支持禁用ip：","  提供启用和禁用ip和域名映射关系功能。",[12,574,575],{},"此外，WinHostsManager还具有以下特点：",[100,577,578,584,590,596],{},[103,579,580,583],{},[106,581,582],{},"操作简单‌："," 用户无需知道hosts文件的保存位置，即可进行修改。",[103,585,586,589],{},[106,587,588],{},"节省时间‌："," 软件会自动将内容写入hosts文件，节省了在C盘上查找hosts文件地址的时间。",[103,591,592,595],{},[106,593,594],{},"支持特殊地址访问‌："," 帮助用户访问一些特殊地址。",[103,597,598,601],{},[106,599,600],{},"备份和恢复功能‌："," 支持hosts文件的备份和恢复，确保数据安全‌。",[16,603,605],{"id":604},"_2-配置git代理","2 配置GIT代理",[12,607,608],{},"通常我们访问GitHub站点都需要本地打开VPN工具才能访问，但即使打开VPN工具，打开了全局代理模式，git拉取或者提交代码依然报443连接错误。在Git中配置代理服务器是为了帮助你通过一个HTTP或HTTPS代理连接到GitHub外部网络资源，根据你的网络环境，你可能需要设置代理来绕过某些限制或提高访问速度，才能让git客户端通过VPN代理渠道访问github，否则git客户端不走VPN代理就会出现连接错误。",[27,610,612],{"id":611},"_21-vpn代理ip和端口","2.1 VPN代理IP和端口",[12,614,615,616,619,620],{},"打开本地VPN工具，查看设置页面http(s)代理IP和端口。以海豚湾为例，查看方法如下图：\n",[60,617],{"alt":40,"src":618},"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F07\u002F20250701092746871.webp","\n或者查看电脑本地代理端口，查看方法如下图：\n",[60,621],{"alt":40,"src":622},"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F07\u002F20250701092752202.webp",[27,624,626],{"id":625},"_22-git本地代理配置","2.2 GIT本地代理配置",[12,628,629],{},[106,630,631],{},"1. 全局代理配置",[12,633,634],{},"如果你希望对所有Git操作使用同一个代理服务器，你可以通过以下命令格式配置全局代理：",[35,636,638],{"className":125,"code":637,"language":127,"meta":40,"style":40},"# 配置http代理\ngit config --global http.proxy http:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n# 配置https代理\ngit config --global https.proxy https:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n",[42,639,640,646,663,668],{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,641,642],{"class":47,"line":48},[45,643,645],{"class":644},"sHwdD","# 配置http代理\n",[45,647,648,651,654,657,660],{"class":47,"line":253},[45,649,650],{"class":51},"git",[45,652,653],{"class":55}," config",[45,655,656],{"class":55}," --global",[45,658,659],{"class":55}," http.proxy",[45,661,662],{"class":55}," http:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n",[45,664,665],{"class":47,"line":262},[45,666,667],{"class":644},"# 配置https代理\n",[45,669,670,672,674,676,679],{"class":47,"line":271},[45,671,650],{"class":51},[45,673,653],{"class":55},[45,675,656],{"class":55},[45,677,678],{"class":55}," https.proxy",[45,680,681],{"class":55}," https:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n",[12,683,684,685,688,689,692],{},"将",[42,686,687],{},"proxy_address","和",[42,690,691],{},"port","替换为你的代理服务器的地址和端口。例如：您正在使用127.0.0.1的代理服务器和4780的端口，那么您需要输入以下命令：",[35,694,696],{"className":125,"code":695,"language":127,"meta":40,"style":40},"# 配置http代理\ngit config --global http.proxy http:\u002F\u002F127.0.0.1:4780\n# 配置https代理\ngit config --global https.proxy https:\u002F\u002F127.0.0.1:4780\n",[42,697,698,702,715,719],{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,699,700],{"class":47,"line":48},[45,701,645],{"class":644},[45,703,704,706,708,710,712],{"class":47,"line":253},[45,705,650],{"class":51},[45,707,653],{"class":55},[45,709,656],{"class":55},[45,711,659],{"class":55},[45,713,714],{"class":55}," http:\u002F\u002F127.0.0.1:4780\n",[45,716,717],{"class":47,"line":262},[45,718,667],{"class":644},[45,720,721,723,725,727,729],{"class":47,"line":271},[45,722,650],{"class":51},[45,724,653],{"class":55},[45,726,656],{"class":55},[45,728,678],{"class":55},[45,730,731],{"class":55}," https:\u002F\u002F127.0.0.1:4780\n",[12,733,734],{},[106,735,736],{},"2. 单个仓库代理配置",[12,738,739],{},"如果你只想为特定的Git仓库设置代理，而不是全局，你需要进入到本地具体代码仓库目录下，使用以下命令：",[35,741,743],{"className":125,"code":742,"language":127,"meta":40,"style":40},"git config http.proxy http:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\ngit config https.proxy https:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n",[42,744,745,755],{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,746,747,749,751,753],{"class":47,"line":48},[45,748,650],{"class":51},[45,750,653],{"class":55},[45,752,659],{"class":55},[45,754,662],{"class":55},[45,756,757,759,761,763],{"class":47,"line":253},[45,758,650],{"class":51},[45,760,653],{"class":55},[45,762,678],{"class":55},[45,764,681],{"class":55},[12,766,767,768,688,770,772],{},"同样地，替换",[42,769,687],{},[42,771,691],{},"为你的代理服务器信息。",[12,774,775],{},[106,776,777],{},"3. 取消代理配置",[12,779,780],{},"如果你需要取消之前设置的代理配置，可以使用以下命令：",[35,782,784],{"className":125,"code":783,"language":127,"meta":40,"style":40},"git config --global --unset http.proxy\ngit config --global --unset https.proxy\n",[42,785,786,800],{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,787,788,790,792,794,797],{"class":47,"line":48},[45,789,650],{"class":51},[45,791,653],{"class":55},[45,793,656],{"class":55},[45,795,796],{"class":55}," --unset",[45,798,799],{"class":55}," http.proxy\n",[45,801,802,804,806,808,810],{"class":47,"line":253},[45,803,650],{"class":51},[45,805,653],{"class":55},[45,807,656],{"class":55},[45,809,796],{"class":55},[45,811,812],{"class":55}," https.proxy\n",[12,814,815],{},"或者针对单个仓库：",[35,817,819],{"className":125,"code":818,"language":127,"meta":40,"style":40},"git config --unset http.proxy\ngit config --unset https.proxy\n",[42,820,821,831],{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,822,823,825,827,829],{"class":47,"line":48},[45,824,650],{"class":51},[45,826,653],{"class":55},[45,828,796],{"class":55},[45,830,799],{"class":55},[45,832,833,835,837,839],{"class":47,"line":253},[45,834,650],{"class":51},[45,836,653],{"class":55},[45,838,796],{"class":55},[45,840,812],{"class":55},[12,842,843],{},[106,844,845],{},"4. 查看代理配置",[12,847,848],{},"如果你需要查询当前代理配置，可以使用以下命令：",[35,850,852],{"className":125,"code":851,"language":127,"meta":40,"style":40},"# 查看http代理\ngit config --global --get  http.proxy\n# 查看https代理\ngit config --global --get  https.proxy\n",[42,853,854,859,873,878],{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,855,856],{"class":47,"line":48},[45,857,858],{"class":644},"# 查看http代理\n",[45,860,861,863,865,867,870],{"class":47,"line":253},[45,862,650],{"class":51},[45,864,653],{"class":55},[45,866,656],{"class":55},[45,868,869],{"class":55}," --get",[45,871,872],{"class":55},"  http.proxy\n",[45,874,875],{"class":47,"line":262},[45,876,877],{"class":644},"# 查看https代理\n",[45,879,880,882,884,886,888],{"class":47,"line":271},[45,881,650],{"class":51},[45,883,653],{"class":55},[45,885,656],{"class":55},[45,887,869],{"class":55},[45,889,890],{"class":55},"  https.proxy\n",[12,892,815],{},[35,894,896],{"className":125,"code":895,"language":127,"meta":40,"style":40},"# 查看http代理\ngit config  --get  http.proxy\n# 查看https代理\ngit config  --get  https.proxy\n",[42,897,898,902,913,917],{"__ignoreMap":40},[45,899,900],{"class":47,"line":48},[45,901,858],{"class":644},[45,903,904,906,908,911],{"class":47,"line":253},[45,905,650],{"class":51},[45,907,653],{"class":55},[45,909,910],{"class":55},"  --get",[45,912,872],{"class":55},[45,914,915],{"class":47,"line":262},[45,916,877],{"class":644},[45,918,919,921,923,925],{"class":47,"line":271},[45,920,650],{"class":51},[45,922,653],{"class":55},[45,924,910],{"class":55},[45,926,890],{"class":55},[12,928,929],{},"如果VPN代理IP和端口发生改变，需要重新配置git代码地址。",[931,932,933],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sBMFI, html code.shiki .sBMFI{--shiki-light:#E2931D;--shiki-default:#FFCB6B;--shiki-dark:#FFCB6B}html pre.shiki code .sfazB, html code.shiki .sfazB{--shiki-light:#91B859;--shiki-default:#C3E88D;--shiki-dark:#C3E88D}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html pre.shiki code .sMK4o, html code.shiki .sMK4o{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#89DDFF;--shiki-dark:#89DDFF}html pre.shiki code .sTEyZ, html code.shiki .sTEyZ{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-default:#EEFFFF;--shiki-dark:#BABED8}html pre.shiki code .sHwdD, html code.shiki .sHwdD{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#546E7A;--shiki-default-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#676E95;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic}",{"title":40,"searchDepth":262,"depth":262,"links":935},[936,941],{"id":18,"depth":253,"text":19,"children":937},[938,939,940],{"id":29,"depth":262,"text":30},{"id":85,"depth":262,"text":86},{"id":506,"depth":262,"text":507},{"id":604,"depth":253,"text":605,"children":942},[943,944],{"id":611,"depth":262,"text":612},{"id":625,"depth":262,"text":626},{"name":946,"symbol":947,"icon":948,"id":332},"GitHub","github","mdi:github","2025-06-29 15:36:09","GitHub对中国大陆IP的访问进行了限制，国内想访问GitHub站点，需要科学上网，才能访问Github站点。有时候就算通过梯子，使用git命令克隆、推送、拉取GitHub仓库的代码也会报443连接超时错误.",{"type":9,"value":952},[953],[12,954,14],{},"md",false,true,"github，git, clone，pull，push，fetch，拉取，推送，提交，GitHub克隆或者拉取推送代码443超时问题解决方法.",{},"\u002Fblog\u002Fgithub443","---\ntitle: GitHub克隆拉取和推送代码时443超时问题解决方法\ndescription: GitHub对中国大陆IP的访问进行了限制，国内想访问GitHub站点，需要科学上网，才能访问Github站点。有时候就算通过梯子，使用git命令克隆、推送、拉取GitHub仓库的代码也会报443连接超时错误.\nkeywords: github，git, clone，pull，push，fetch，拉取，推送，提交，GitHub克隆或者拉取推送代码443超时问题解决方法.\narticleId: 20250629153609\ncreateDate: \"2025-06-29 15:36:09\"\nupdateDate: \"2026-03-12 10:40:16\"\narticleThumb: https:\u002F\u002Fgcore.jsdelivr.net\u002Fgh\u002FAnyFork\u002FResource\u002Fimages\u002F20260327204841213.webp\ntagIds: \n    - 11\ncategoryId: 11\nisTop: false\nisRecommend: false\nisHot: true\nisHidden: false\nnavigation: true\n---\n\n在国内由于网络原因，在命令窗口能够Ping通github.com域名，但通过git命令操作github仓库代码时，无论是克隆，拉取、推送还是提交，经常会出现fatal: unable to access 'xxx': Failed to connect to github.com port 443: Timed out 禁止访问连接或者github连接超时异常，有时候即使开了梯子也没用，把VPN工具改成全局路由模式也不行。下面记录几种常见解决方法，彻底解决git命令连接github连接超时问题。\n\u003C!--more-->\n\n## 1 修改hosts文件\nHosts文件是系统中用于将网址域名与IP地址进行快速映射的数据库，在用户访问网站时优先被查询。这个没有扩展名的系统文件，虽然不起眼，却扮演着至关重要的角色。它类似于一个关联“数据库”，将众多常用的网址域名与对应的IP地址紧密相连。每当用户在浏览器中输入一个网址并尝试登录时，系统会首先自动在Hosts文件中寻找相应的IP地址。一旦找到，系统会迅速打开对应的网页；若未找到，则会自动将网址提交至DNS域名解析服务器进行IP地址的深入解析。\n\n在解决 GitHub 在提交代码时出现 443 错误的问题时，修改 hosts 文件是一个可能的解决方案。这通常发生在 GitHub 的 IP 地址被错误地解析或者 DNS 解析出现问题的情况下，导致连接超时问题。通过修改hosts文件后，你可以绕过国内的访问限制，当尝试访问github及其相关域名时，系统将优先使用这些映射，从而可能解决网络连通性问题。以下是具体步骤：\n\n### 1.1 查找GitHub的IP地址\n首先，你需要找到 GitHub 的 IP 地址。可以通过运行以下命令来获取 GitHub 的 IP 地址：\n```Bash\nping github.com\n```\n![](https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F06\u002F20250629165553736.webp)\n\n或者，你可以使用以下命令获取更多 IP 地址：\n```Bash\nnslookup github.com\n```\n![](https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F06\u002F20250629165553775.webp)\n\n### 1.2 手动编辑hosts文件\n在不同操作系统中，Hosts文件的位置各有不同，便于管理和编辑。例如，在Windows系统中，它通常位于`C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts`{color=primary}路径下；而在Android和iOS系统中，它则分别位于`\u002Fetc\u002Fhosts和\u002Fprivate\u002Fetc\u002Fhosts`{color=primary}等路径。对于Mac OS X系统，其位置则可能因版本不同而有所差异。\n\n- **对于Windows系统** \n\n1、**以管理员权限身份**，通过记事本打开`C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts`{color=primary}文件。  \n2、在文件末尾添加以下行（替换 \u003Cgithub_ip> 为你从 ping 或 nslookup 命令中获取的 IP 地址）:\n ```bash\n  \u003Cgithub_ip> github.com\n ``` \n3、保存修改后的配置文件，并关闭文件。  \n4、为了确保更改生效，你可以清空 DNS 缓存，在终端刷新本地DNS缓存：\n ```bash\nipconfig \u002Fflushdns\n ``` \n- **对于 macOS 或 Linux**\n\n1、打开终端。  \n2、使用文本编辑器打开 \u002Fetc\u002Fhosts 文件，例如使用命令：\n```bash\n sudo vi \u002Fetc\u002Fhosts\n```\n3、在文件末尾添加以下行（同样替换 \u003Cgithub_ip>）：\n```bash\n \u003Cgithub_ip> github.com\n```\n4、保存修改后的配置文件，并关闭文件。  \n5、在 macOS 或 Linux 上，通常不需要手动清空 DNS 缓存，因为系统会自动处理。但如果你怀疑有缓存问题，可以尝试重启你的计算机。\n::callout{icon=\"circum:warning\" color=\"primary\"}\n温馨提示\u003C\u002Fbr>\n1 修改hosts方法可能不太稳定，但至少在一定程度上能够解决问题。如果过一段时间后，发现修改hosts也无法连接，需要重新修改hosts文件中ip和github映射关系。\u003C\u002Fbr>\n2 如果`hosts`文件中加入`\u003Cgithub ip> github.com`后发现还是连接不通，可以尝试加入以下IP地址和域名映射关系：\n```bash\n185.199.108.154   github.githubassets.com\n140.82.113.22     central.github.com\n185.199.108.133   desktop.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.109.153   assets-cdn.github.com\n185.199.110.133   camo.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   github.map.fastly.net\n151.101.201.194   github.global.ssl.fastly.net\n140.82.116.3      gist.github.com\n185.199.108.153   github.io\n140.82.116.3      github.com\n140.82.116.6      api.github.com\n185.199.111.133   raw.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   user-images.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   favicons.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.110.133   avatars5.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars4.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars3.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.109.133   avatars2.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars1.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars0.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.109.133   avatars.githubusercontent.com\n140.82.116.9      codeload.github.com\n52.217.135.153    github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com\n3.5.21.109        github-com.s3.amazonaws.com\n3.5.29.177        github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com\n52.216.63.25      github-production-user-asset-6210df.s3.amazonaws.com\n52.217.223.1      github-production-repository-file-5c1aeb.s3.amazonaws.com\n185.199.110.153   githubstatus.com\n140.82.112.17     github.community\n185.199.108.133   media.githubusercontent.com\n```\n上面具体域名对应的映射ip，可以通过命令行ping的方式获取。\n::\n\n### 1.3 工具编辑hosts文件\n\n\n对于windows系统可以借助第三方工具`WinHostsManager`进行修改`hosts`文件。‌ WinHostsManager 是一款功能强大的hosts文件管理工具，主要用于管理和修改hosts文件。‌\n\n\nWinHostsManager的主要功能包括：\n\n\n1. **添加新的host项目‌：** 用户可以轻松添加新的IP地址和域名映射。\n2. **保存修改‌：** 将新的IP地址和域名直接加载到hosts文件中并保存\n3. **显示最高映射方案‌：** 提供当前最高的映射方案，方便用户选择。\n4. **获取最快的主机IP编辑方式‌：** 优化编辑过程，提高编辑效率。\n5. **支持重启主机‌：** 编辑完成后，支持重启主机以应用更改\n6. ‌**查看端口项目‌：** 在列表上查看打开的端口项目。\n7. ‌**建立过滤‌：** 提供过滤功能，方便管理hosts文件‌。\n8. **支持禁用ip：**  提供启用和禁用ip和域名映射关系功能。\n\n\n此外，WinHostsManager还具有以下特点：\n\n\n- **操作简单‌：** 用户无需知道hosts文件的保存位置，即可进行修改。\n- **节省时间‌：** 软件会自动将内容写入hosts文件，节省了在C盘上查找hosts文件地址的时间。\n- **支持特殊地址访问‌：** 帮助用户访问一些特殊地址。\n- **备份和恢复功能‌：** 支持hosts文件的备份和恢复，确保数据安全‌。\n\n## 2 配置GIT代理\n\n\n通常我们访问GitHub站点都需要本地打开VPN工具才能访问，但即使打开VPN工具，打开了全局代理模式，git拉取或者提交代码依然报443连接错误。在Git中配置代理服务器是为了帮助你通过一个HTTP或HTTPS代理连接到GitHub外部网络资源，根据你的网络环境，你可能需要设置代理来绕过某些限制或提高访问速度，才能让git客户端通过VPN代理渠道访问github，否则git客户端不走VPN代理就会出现连接错误。\n\n\n### 2.1 VPN代理IP和端口\n\n\n打开本地VPN工具，查看设置页面http(s)代理IP和端口。以海豚湾为例，查看方法如下图：\n![](https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F07\u002F20250701092746871.webp)\n或者查看电脑本地代理端口，查看方法如下图：\n![](https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F07\u002F20250701092752202.webp)\n\n\n### 2.2 GIT本地代理配置\n**1. 全局代理配置**\n\n\n如果你希望对所有Git操作使用同一个代理服务器，你可以通过以下命令格式配置全局代理：\n```bash\n# 配置http代理\ngit config --global http.proxy http:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n# 配置https代理\ngit config --global https.proxy https:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n```\n将`proxy_address`和`port`替换为你的代理服务器的地址和端口。例如：您正在使用127.0.0.1的代理服务器和4780的端口，那么您需要输入以下命令：\n```bash\n# 配置http代理\ngit config --global http.proxy http:\u002F\u002F127.0.0.1:4780\n# 配置https代理\ngit config --global https.proxy https:\u002F\u002F127.0.0.1:4780\n```\n**2. 单个仓库代理配置**\n\n\n如果你只想为特定的Git仓库设置代理，而不是全局，你需要进入到本地具体代码仓库目录下，使用以下命令：\n```bash\ngit config http.proxy http:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\ngit config https.proxy https:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n```\n同样地，替换`proxy_address`和`port`为你的代理服务器信息。\n\n\n**3. 取消代理配置**\n\n\n如果你需要取消之前设置的代理配置，可以使用以下命令：\n```bash\ngit config --global --unset http.proxy\ngit config --global --unset https.proxy\n```\n或者针对单个仓库：\n```bash\ngit config --unset http.proxy\ngit config --unset https.proxy\n```\n**4. 查看代理配置**\n\n\n如果你需要查询当前代理配置，可以使用以下命令：\n```bash\n# 查看http代理\ngit config --global --get  http.proxy\n# 查看https代理\ngit config --global --get  https.proxy\n```\n或者针对单个仓库：\n```bash\n# 查看http代理\ngit config  --get  http.proxy\n# 查看https代理\ngit config  --get  https.proxy\n```\n如果VPN代理IP和端口发生改变，需要重新配置git代码地址。\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n",11.1,{"title":5,"description":950},{"loc":960},"blog\u002F6.GitHub克隆拉取和推送代码时443超时问题解决方法",[332],[968],{"name":969,"symbol":650,"icon":970,"id":332},"Git","material-icon-theme:git","2026-03-12 10:40:16",1996,"vFy9LUFJ-IZZNa1x68MqY4OkE25ZgUNhV_YUVxsQ-6g",[975,980],{"title":976,"path":977,"stem":978,"articleId":979,"children":-1},"VMware WorkStation 17 Pro虚拟机安装和配置教程","\u002Fblog\u002Fvmware-workstation-17-pro","blog\u002F5.VMware WorkStation 17 Pro虚拟机安装和配置教程","20250721110931",{"title":981,"path":982,"stem":983,"articleId":984,"children":-1},"Windows和Linux系统上NVM安装多个版本的Node.js","\u002Fblog\u002Fwindowslinuxnvmnode.js","blog\u002F7.Windows和Linux系统上NVM安装多个版本的Node.js","20250616213326",1778143540289]