[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":975},["ShallowReactive",2],{"git":3},[4],{"id":5,"title":6,"articleId":7,"articleThumb":8,"body":9,"categoryId":333,"categoryInfo":946,"createDate":950,"description":951,"excerpt":952,"extension":956,"isHidden":957,"isHot":958,"isRecommend":957,"isTop":957,"keywords":959,"meta":960,"navigation":958,"path":961,"rawbody":962,"readingTime":963,"seo":964,"sitemap":965,"stem":966,"tagIds":967,"tagInfo":968,"updateDate":972,"wordCount":973,"__hash__":974},"blog\u002Fblog\u002F6.GitHub克隆拉取和推送代码时443超时问题解决方法.md","GitHub克隆拉取和推送代码时443超时问题解决方法","20250629153609","https:\u002F\u002Fgcore.jsdelivr.net\u002Fgh\u002FAnyFork\u002FResource\u002Fimages\u002F20260327204841213.webp",{"type":10,"value":11,"toc":935},"minimark",[12,16,21,24,27,32,35,58,64,67,79,84,88,100,110,124,147,153,166,173,179,195,198,212,218,505,509,519,522,574,577,603,607,610,614,624,628,633,636,683,694,733,738,741,766,774,779,782,814,817,842,847,850,892,894,928,931],[13,14,15],"p",{},"在国内由于网络原因，在命令窗口能够Ping通github.com域名，但通过git命令操作github仓库代码时，无论是克隆，拉取、推送还是提交，经常会出现fatal: unable to access 'xxx': Failed to connect to github.com port 443: Timed out 禁止访问连接或者github连接超时异常，有时候即使开了梯子也没用，把VPN工具改成全局路由模式也不行。下面记录几种常见解决方法，彻底解决git命令连接github连接超时问题。",[17,18,20],"h2",{"id":19},"_1-修改hosts文件","1 修改hosts文件",[13,22,23],{},"Hosts文件是系统中用于将网址域名与IP地址进行快速映射的数据库，在用户访问网站时优先被查询。这个没有扩展名的系统文件，虽然不起眼，却扮演着至关重要的角色。它类似于一个关联“数据库”，将众多常用的网址域名与对应的IP地址紧密相连。每当用户在浏览器中输入一个网址并尝试登录时，系统会首先自动在Hosts文件中寻找相应的IP地址。一旦找到，系统会迅速打开对应的网页；若未找到，则会自动将网址提交至DNS域名解析服务器进行IP地址的深入解析。",[13,25,26],{},"在解决 GitHub 在提交代码时出现 443 错误的问题时，修改 hosts 文件是一个可能的解决方案。这通常发生在 GitHub 的 IP 地址被错误地解析或者 DNS 解析出现问题的情况下，导致连接超时问题。通过修改hosts文件后，你可以绕过国内的访问限制，当尝试访问github及其相关域名时，系统将优先使用这些映射，从而可能解决网络连通性问题。以下是具体步骤：",[28,29,31],"h3",{"id":30},"_11-查找github的ip地址","1.1 查找GitHub的IP地址",[13,33,34],{},"首先，你需要找到 GitHub 的 IP 地址。可以通过运行以下命令来获取 GitHub 的 IP 地址：",[36,37,42],"pre",{"className":38,"code":39,"language":40,"meta":41,"style":41},"language-Bash shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","ping github.com\n","Bash","",[43,44,45],"code",{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,47,50,54],"span",{"class":48,"line":49},"line",1,[46,51,53],{"class":52},"sBMFI","ping",[46,55,57],{"class":56},"sfazB"," github.com\n",[13,59,60],{},[61,62],"img",{"alt":41,"src":63},"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F06\u002F20250629165553736.webp",[13,65,66],{},"或者，你可以使用以下命令获取更多 IP 地址：",[36,68,70],{"className":38,"code":69,"language":40,"meta":41,"style":41},"nslookup github.com\n",[43,71,72],{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,73,74,77],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,75,76],{"class":52},"nslookup",[46,78,57],{"class":56},[13,80,81],{},[61,82],{"alt":41,"src":83},"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F06\u002F20250629165553775.webp",[28,85,87],{"id":86},"_12-手动编辑hosts文件","1.2 手动编辑hosts文件",[13,89,90,91,95,96,99],{},"在不同操作系统中，Hosts文件的位置各有不同，便于管理和编辑。例如，在Windows系统中，它通常位于",[43,92,94],{"color":93},"primary","C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts","路径下；而在Android和iOS系统中，它则分别位于",[43,97,98],{"color":93},"\u002Fetc\u002Fhosts和\u002Fprivate\u002Fetc\u002Fhosts","等路径。对于Mac OS X系统，其位置则可能因版本不同而有所差异。",[101,102,103],"ul",{},[104,105,106],"li",{},[107,108,109],"strong",{},"对于Windows系统",[13,111,112,113,116,117,119,120,123],{},"1、",[107,114,115],{},"以管理员权限身份","，通过记事本打开",[43,118,94],{"color":93},"文件。",[121,122],"br",{},"\n2、在文件末尾添加以下行（替换 \u003Cgithub_ip> 为你从 ping 或 nslookup 命令中获取的 IP 地址）:",[36,125,129],{"className":126,"code":127,"language":128,"meta":41,"style":41},"language-bash shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight"," \u003Cgithub_ip> github.com\n","bash",[43,130,131],{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,132,133,137,140,144],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,134,136],{"class":135},"sMK4o"," \u003C",[46,138,139],{"class":52},"github_ip",[46,141,143],{"class":142},"sTEyZ","> ",[46,145,146],{"class":56},"github.com\n",[13,148,149,150,152],{},"3、保存修改后的配置文件，并关闭文件。",[121,151],{},"\n4、为了确保更改生效，你可以清空 DNS 缓存，在终端刷新本地DNS缓存：",[36,154,156],{"className":126,"code":155,"language":128,"meta":41,"style":41},"ipconfig \u002Fflushdns\n",[43,157,158],{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,159,160,163],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,161,162],{"class":52},"ipconfig",[46,164,165],{"class":56}," \u002Fflushdns\n",[101,167,168],{},[104,169,170],{},[107,171,172],{},"对于 macOS 或 Linux",[13,174,175,176,178],{},"1、打开终端。",[121,177],{},"\n2、使用文本编辑器打开 \u002Fetc\u002Fhosts 文件，例如使用命令：",[36,180,182],{"className":126,"code":181,"language":128,"meta":41,"style":41}," sudo vi \u002Fetc\u002Fhosts\n",[43,183,184],{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,185,186,189,192],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,187,188],{"class":52}," sudo",[46,190,191],{"class":56}," vi",[46,193,194],{"class":56}," \u002Fetc\u002Fhosts\n",[13,196,197],{},"3、在文件末尾添加以下行（同样替换 \u003Cgithub_ip>）：",[36,199,200],{"className":126,"code":127,"language":128,"meta":41,"style":41},[43,201,202],{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,203,204,206,208,210],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,205,136],{"class":135},[46,207,139],{"class":52},[46,209,143],{"class":142},[46,211,146],{"class":56},[13,213,214,215,217],{},"4、保存修改后的配置文件，并关闭文件。",[121,216],{},"\n5、在 macOS 或 Linux 上，通常不需要手动清空 DNS 缓存，因为系统会自动处理。但如果你怀疑有缓存问题，可以尝试重启你的计算机。",[219,220,222,239,502],"callout",{"color":93,"icon":221},"circum:warning",[13,223,224,225,227,228,230,231,234,235,238],{},"温馨提示",[121,226],{},"\n1 修改hosts方法可能不太稳定，但至少在一定程度上能够解决问题。如果过一段时间后，发现修改hosts也无法连接，需要重新修改hosts文件中ip和github映射关系。",[121,229],{},"\n2 如果",[43,232,233],{},"hosts","文件中加入",[43,236,237],{},"\u003Cgithub ip> github.com","后发现还是连接不通，可以尝试加入以下IP地址和域名映射关系：",[36,240,242],{"className":126,"code":241,"language":128,"meta":41,"style":41},"185.199.108.154   github.githubassets.com\n140.82.113.22     central.github.com\n185.199.108.133   desktop.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.109.153   assets-cdn.github.com\n185.199.110.133   camo.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   github.map.fastly.net\n151.101.201.194   github.global.ssl.fastly.net\n140.82.116.3      gist.github.com\n185.199.108.153   github.io\n140.82.116.3      github.com\n140.82.116.6      api.github.com\n185.199.111.133   raw.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   user-images.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   favicons.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.110.133   avatars5.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars4.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars3.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.109.133   avatars2.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars1.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars0.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.109.133   avatars.githubusercontent.com\n140.82.116.9      codeload.github.com\n52.217.135.153    github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com\n3.5.21.109        github-com.s3.amazonaws.com\n3.5.29.177        github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com\n52.216.63.25      github-production-user-asset-6210df.s3.amazonaws.com\n52.217.223.1      github-production-repository-file-5c1aeb.s3.amazonaws.com\n185.199.110.153   githubstatus.com\n140.82.112.17     github.community\n185.199.108.133   media.githubusercontent.com\n",[43,243,244,252,261,270,279,288,296,305,314,323,331,340,349,357,365,373,381,389,398,406,414,422,431,440,449,458,467,476,485,494],{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,245,246,249],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,247,248],{"class":52},"185.199.108.154",[46,250,251],{"class":56},"   github.githubassets.com\n",[46,253,255,258],{"class":48,"line":254},2,[46,256,257],{"class":52},"140.82.113.22",[46,259,260],{"class":56},"     central.github.com\n",[46,262,264,267],{"class":48,"line":263},3,[46,265,266],{"class":52},"185.199.108.133",[46,268,269],{"class":56},"   desktop.githubusercontent.com\n",[46,271,273,276],{"class":48,"line":272},4,[46,274,275],{"class":52},"185.199.109.153",[46,277,278],{"class":56},"   assets-cdn.github.com\n",[46,280,282,285],{"class":48,"line":281},5,[46,283,284],{"class":52},"185.199.110.133",[46,286,287],{"class":56},"   camo.githubusercontent.com\n",[46,289,291,293],{"class":48,"line":290},6,[46,292,266],{"class":52},[46,294,295],{"class":56},"   github.map.fastly.net\n",[46,297,299,302],{"class":48,"line":298},7,[46,300,301],{"class":52},"151.101.201.194",[46,303,304],{"class":56},"   github.global.ssl.fastly.net\n",[46,306,308,311],{"class":48,"line":307},8,[46,309,310],{"class":52},"140.82.116.3",[46,312,313],{"class":56},"      gist.github.com\n",[46,315,317,320],{"class":48,"line":316},9,[46,318,319],{"class":52},"185.199.108.153",[46,321,322],{"class":56},"   github.io\n",[46,324,326,328],{"class":48,"line":325},10,[46,327,310],{"class":52},[46,329,330],{"class":56},"      github.com\n",[46,332,334,337],{"class":48,"line":333},11,[46,335,336],{"class":52},"140.82.116.6",[46,338,339],{"class":56},"      api.github.com\n",[46,341,343,346],{"class":48,"line":342},12,[46,344,345],{"class":52},"185.199.111.133",[46,347,348],{"class":56},"   raw.githubusercontent.com\n",[46,350,352,354],{"class":48,"line":351},13,[46,353,266],{"class":52},[46,355,356],{"class":56},"   user-images.githubusercontent.com\n",[46,358,360,362],{"class":48,"line":359},14,[46,361,266],{"class":52},[46,363,364],{"class":56},"   favicons.githubusercontent.com\n",[46,366,368,370],{"class":48,"line":367},15,[46,369,284],{"class":52},[46,371,372],{"class":56},"   avatars5.githubusercontent.com\n",[46,374,376,378],{"class":48,"line":375},16,[46,377,266],{"class":52},[46,379,380],{"class":56},"   avatars4.githubusercontent.com\n",[46,382,384,386],{"class":48,"line":383},17,[46,385,266],{"class":52},[46,387,388],{"class":56},"   avatars3.githubusercontent.com\n",[46,390,392,395],{"class":48,"line":391},18,[46,393,394],{"class":52},"185.199.109.133",[46,396,397],{"class":56},"   avatars2.githubusercontent.com\n",[46,399,401,403],{"class":48,"line":400},19,[46,402,266],{"class":52},[46,404,405],{"class":56},"   avatars1.githubusercontent.com\n",[46,407,409,411],{"class":48,"line":408},20,[46,410,266],{"class":52},[46,412,413],{"class":56},"   avatars0.githubusercontent.com\n",[46,415,417,419],{"class":48,"line":416},21,[46,418,394],{"class":52},[46,420,421],{"class":56},"   avatars.githubusercontent.com\n",[46,423,425,428],{"class":48,"line":424},22,[46,426,427],{"class":52},"140.82.116.9",[46,429,430],{"class":56},"      codeload.github.com\n",[46,432,434,437],{"class":48,"line":433},23,[46,435,436],{"class":52},"52.217.135.153",[46,438,439],{"class":56},"    github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com\n",[46,441,443,446],{"class":48,"line":442},24,[46,444,445],{"class":52},"3.5.21.109",[46,447,448],{"class":56},"        github-com.s3.amazonaws.com\n",[46,450,452,455],{"class":48,"line":451},25,[46,453,454],{"class":52},"3.5.29.177",[46,456,457],{"class":56},"        github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com\n",[46,459,461,464],{"class":48,"line":460},26,[46,462,463],{"class":52},"52.216.63.25",[46,465,466],{"class":56},"      github-production-user-asset-6210df.s3.amazonaws.com\n",[46,468,470,473],{"class":48,"line":469},27,[46,471,472],{"class":52},"52.217.223.1",[46,474,475],{"class":56},"      github-production-repository-file-5c1aeb.s3.amazonaws.com\n",[46,477,479,482],{"class":48,"line":478},28,[46,480,481],{"class":52},"185.199.110.153",[46,483,484],{"class":56},"   githubstatus.com\n",[46,486,488,491],{"class":48,"line":487},29,[46,489,490],{"class":52},"140.82.112.17",[46,492,493],{"class":56},"     github.community\n",[46,495,497,499],{"class":48,"line":496},30,[46,498,266],{"class":52},[46,500,501],{"class":56},"   media.githubusercontent.com\n",[13,503,504],{},"上面具体域名对应的映射ip，可以通过命令行ping的方式获取。",[28,506,508],{"id":507},"_13-工具编辑hosts文件","1.3 工具编辑hosts文件",[13,510,511,512,515,516,518],{},"对于windows系统可以借助第三方工具",[43,513,514],{},"WinHostsManager","进行修改",[43,517,233],{},"文件。‌ WinHostsManager 是一款功能强大的hosts文件管理工具，主要用于管理和修改hosts文件。‌",[13,520,521],{},"WinHostsManager的主要功能包括：",[523,524,525,531,537,543,549,555,562,568],"ol",{},[104,526,527,530],{},[107,528,529],{},"添加新的host项目‌："," 用户可以轻松添加新的IP地址和域名映射。",[104,532,533,536],{},[107,534,535],{},"保存修改‌："," 将新的IP地址和域名直接加载到hosts文件中并保存",[104,538,539,542],{},[107,540,541],{},"显示最高映射方案‌："," 提供当前最高的映射方案，方便用户选择。",[104,544,545,548],{},[107,546,547],{},"获取最快的主机IP编辑方式‌："," 优化编辑过程，提高编辑效率。",[104,550,551,554],{},[107,552,553],{},"支持重启主机‌："," 编辑完成后，支持重启主机以应用更改",[104,556,557,558,561],{},"‌",[107,559,560],{},"查看端口项目‌："," 在列表上查看打开的端口项目。",[104,563,557,564,567],{},[107,565,566],{},"建立过滤‌："," 提供过滤功能，方便管理hosts文件‌。",[104,569,570,573],{},[107,571,572],{},"支持禁用ip：","  提供启用和禁用ip和域名映射关系功能。",[13,575,576],{},"此外，WinHostsManager还具有以下特点：",[101,578,579,585,591,597],{},[104,580,581,584],{},[107,582,583],{},"操作简单‌："," 用户无需知道hosts文件的保存位置，即可进行修改。",[104,586,587,590],{},[107,588,589],{},"节省时间‌："," 软件会自动将内容写入hosts文件，节省了在C盘上查找hosts文件地址的时间。",[104,592,593,596],{},[107,594,595],{},"支持特殊地址访问‌："," 帮助用户访问一些特殊地址。",[104,598,599,602],{},[107,600,601],{},"备份和恢复功能‌："," 支持hosts文件的备份和恢复，确保数据安全‌。",[17,604,606],{"id":605},"_2-配置git代理","2 配置GIT代理",[13,608,609],{},"通常我们访问GitHub站点都需要本地打开VPN工具才能访问，但即使打开VPN工具，打开了全局代理模式，git拉取或者提交代码依然报443连接错误。在Git中配置代理服务器是为了帮助你通过一个HTTP或HTTPS代理连接到GitHub外部网络资源，根据你的网络环境，你可能需要设置代理来绕过某些限制或提高访问速度，才能让git客户端通过VPN代理渠道访问github，否则git客户端不走VPN代理就会出现连接错误。",[28,611,613],{"id":612},"_21-vpn代理ip和端口","2.1 VPN代理IP和端口",[13,615,616,617,620,621],{},"打开本地VPN工具，查看设置页面http(s)代理IP和端口。以海豚湾为例，查看方法如下图：\n",[61,618],{"alt":41,"src":619},"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F07\u002F20250701092746871.webp","\n或者查看电脑本地代理端口，查看方法如下图：\n",[61,622],{"alt":41,"src":623},"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F07\u002F20250701092752202.webp",[28,625,627],{"id":626},"_22-git本地代理配置","2.2 GIT本地代理配置",[13,629,630],{},[107,631,632],{},"1. 全局代理配置",[13,634,635],{},"如果你希望对所有Git操作使用同一个代理服务器，你可以通过以下命令格式配置全局代理：",[36,637,639],{"className":126,"code":638,"language":128,"meta":41,"style":41},"# 配置http代理\ngit config --global http.proxy http:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n# 配置https代理\ngit config --global https.proxy https:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n",[43,640,641,647,664,669],{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,642,643],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,644,646],{"class":645},"sHwdD","# 配置http代理\n",[46,648,649,652,655,658,661],{"class":48,"line":254},[46,650,651],{"class":52},"git",[46,653,654],{"class":56}," config",[46,656,657],{"class":56}," --global",[46,659,660],{"class":56}," http.proxy",[46,662,663],{"class":56}," http:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n",[46,665,666],{"class":48,"line":263},[46,667,668],{"class":645},"# 配置https代理\n",[46,670,671,673,675,677,680],{"class":48,"line":272},[46,672,651],{"class":52},[46,674,654],{"class":56},[46,676,657],{"class":56},[46,678,679],{"class":56}," https.proxy",[46,681,682],{"class":56}," https:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n",[13,684,685,686,689,690,693],{},"将",[43,687,688],{},"proxy_address","和",[43,691,692],{},"port","替换为你的代理服务器的地址和端口。例如：您正在使用127.0.0.1的代理服务器和4780的端口，那么您需要输入以下命令：",[36,695,697],{"className":126,"code":696,"language":128,"meta":41,"style":41},"# 配置http代理\ngit config --global http.proxy http:\u002F\u002F127.0.0.1:4780\n# 配置https代理\ngit config --global https.proxy https:\u002F\u002F127.0.0.1:4780\n",[43,698,699,703,716,720],{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,700,701],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,702,646],{"class":645},[46,704,705,707,709,711,713],{"class":48,"line":254},[46,706,651],{"class":52},[46,708,654],{"class":56},[46,710,657],{"class":56},[46,712,660],{"class":56},[46,714,715],{"class":56}," http:\u002F\u002F127.0.0.1:4780\n",[46,717,718],{"class":48,"line":263},[46,719,668],{"class":645},[46,721,722,724,726,728,730],{"class":48,"line":272},[46,723,651],{"class":52},[46,725,654],{"class":56},[46,727,657],{"class":56},[46,729,679],{"class":56},[46,731,732],{"class":56}," https:\u002F\u002F127.0.0.1:4780\n",[13,734,735],{},[107,736,737],{},"2. 单个仓库代理配置",[13,739,740],{},"如果你只想为特定的Git仓库设置代理，而不是全局，你需要进入到本地具体代码仓库目录下，使用以下命令：",[36,742,744],{"className":126,"code":743,"language":128,"meta":41,"style":41},"git config http.proxy http:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\ngit config https.proxy https:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n",[43,745,746,756],{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,747,748,750,752,754],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,749,651],{"class":52},[46,751,654],{"class":56},[46,753,660],{"class":56},[46,755,663],{"class":56},[46,757,758,760,762,764],{"class":48,"line":254},[46,759,651],{"class":52},[46,761,654],{"class":56},[46,763,679],{"class":56},[46,765,682],{"class":56},[13,767,768,769,689,771,773],{},"同样地，替换",[43,770,688],{},[43,772,692],{},"为你的代理服务器信息。",[13,775,776],{},[107,777,778],{},"3. 取消代理配置",[13,780,781],{},"如果你需要取消之前设置的代理配置，可以使用以下命令：",[36,783,785],{"className":126,"code":784,"language":128,"meta":41,"style":41},"git config --global --unset http.proxy\ngit config --global --unset https.proxy\n",[43,786,787,801],{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,788,789,791,793,795,798],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,790,651],{"class":52},[46,792,654],{"class":56},[46,794,657],{"class":56},[46,796,797],{"class":56}," --unset",[46,799,800],{"class":56}," http.proxy\n",[46,802,803,805,807,809,811],{"class":48,"line":254},[46,804,651],{"class":52},[46,806,654],{"class":56},[46,808,657],{"class":56},[46,810,797],{"class":56},[46,812,813],{"class":56}," https.proxy\n",[13,815,816],{},"或者针对单个仓库：",[36,818,820],{"className":126,"code":819,"language":128,"meta":41,"style":41},"git config --unset http.proxy\ngit config --unset https.proxy\n",[43,821,822,832],{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,823,824,826,828,830],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,825,651],{"class":52},[46,827,654],{"class":56},[46,829,797],{"class":56},[46,831,800],{"class":56},[46,833,834,836,838,840],{"class":48,"line":254},[46,835,651],{"class":52},[46,837,654],{"class":56},[46,839,797],{"class":56},[46,841,813],{"class":56},[13,843,844],{},[107,845,846],{},"4. 查看代理配置",[13,848,849],{},"如果你需要查询当前代理配置，可以使用以下命令：",[36,851,853],{"className":126,"code":852,"language":128,"meta":41,"style":41},"# 查看http代理\ngit config --global --get  http.proxy\n# 查看https代理\ngit config --global --get  https.proxy\n",[43,854,855,860,874,879],{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,856,857],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,858,859],{"class":645},"# 查看http代理\n",[46,861,862,864,866,868,871],{"class":48,"line":254},[46,863,651],{"class":52},[46,865,654],{"class":56},[46,867,657],{"class":56},[46,869,870],{"class":56}," --get",[46,872,873],{"class":56},"  http.proxy\n",[46,875,876],{"class":48,"line":263},[46,877,878],{"class":645},"# 查看https代理\n",[46,880,881,883,885,887,889],{"class":48,"line":272},[46,882,651],{"class":52},[46,884,654],{"class":56},[46,886,657],{"class":56},[46,888,870],{"class":56},[46,890,891],{"class":56},"  https.proxy\n",[13,893,816],{},[36,895,897],{"className":126,"code":896,"language":128,"meta":41,"style":41},"# 查看http代理\ngit config  --get  http.proxy\n# 查看https代理\ngit config  --get  https.proxy\n",[43,898,899,903,914,918],{"__ignoreMap":41},[46,900,901],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,902,859],{"class":645},[46,904,905,907,909,912],{"class":48,"line":254},[46,906,651],{"class":52},[46,908,654],{"class":56},[46,910,911],{"class":56},"  --get",[46,913,873],{"class":56},[46,915,916],{"class":48,"line":263},[46,917,878],{"class":645},[46,919,920,922,924,926],{"class":48,"line":272},[46,921,651],{"class":52},[46,923,654],{"class":56},[46,925,911],{"class":56},[46,927,891],{"class":56},[13,929,930],{},"如果VPN代理IP和端口发生改变，需要重新配置git代码地址。",[932,933,934],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sBMFI, html code.shiki .sBMFI{--shiki-light:#E2931D;--shiki-default:#FFCB6B;--shiki-dark:#FFCB6B}html pre.shiki code .sfazB, html code.shiki .sfazB{--shiki-light:#91B859;--shiki-default:#C3E88D;--shiki-dark:#C3E88D}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html pre.shiki code .sMK4o, html code.shiki .sMK4o{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#89DDFF;--shiki-dark:#89DDFF}html pre.shiki code .sTEyZ, html code.shiki .sTEyZ{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-default:#EEFFFF;--shiki-dark:#BABED8}html pre.shiki code .sHwdD, html code.shiki .sHwdD{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#546E7A;--shiki-default-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#676E95;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic}",{"title":41,"searchDepth":263,"depth":263,"links":936},[937,942],{"id":19,"depth":254,"text":20,"children":938},[939,940,941],{"id":30,"depth":263,"text":31},{"id":86,"depth":263,"text":87},{"id":507,"depth":263,"text":508},{"id":605,"depth":254,"text":606,"children":943},[944,945],{"id":612,"depth":263,"text":613},{"id":626,"depth":263,"text":627},{"name":947,"symbol":948,"icon":949,"id":333},"GitHub","github","mdi:github","2025-06-29 15:36:09","GitHub对中国大陆IP的访问进行了限制，国内想访问GitHub站点，需要科学上网，才能访问Github站点。有时候就算通过梯子，使用git命令克隆、推送、拉取GitHub仓库的代码也会报443连接超时错误.",{"type":10,"value":953},[954],[13,955,15],{},"md",false,true,"github，git, clone，pull，push，fetch，拉取，推送，提交，GitHub克隆或者拉取推送代码443超时问题解决方法.",{},"\u002Fblog\u002Fgithub443","---\ntitle: GitHub克隆拉取和推送代码时443超时问题解决方法\ndescription: GitHub对中国大陆IP的访问进行了限制，国内想访问GitHub站点，需要科学上网，才能访问Github站点。有时候就算通过梯子，使用git命令克隆、推送、拉取GitHub仓库的代码也会报443连接超时错误.\nkeywords: github，git, clone，pull，push，fetch，拉取，推送，提交，GitHub克隆或者拉取推送代码443超时问题解决方法.\narticleId: 20250629153609\ncreateDate: \"2025-06-29 15:36:09\"\nupdateDate: \"2026-03-12 10:40:16\"\narticleThumb: https:\u002F\u002Fgcore.jsdelivr.net\u002Fgh\u002FAnyFork\u002FResource\u002Fimages\u002F20260327204841213.webp\ntagIds: \n    - 11\ncategoryId: 11\nisTop: false\nisRecommend: false\nisHot: true\nisHidden: false\nnavigation: true\n---\n\n在国内由于网络原因，在命令窗口能够Ping通github.com域名，但通过git命令操作github仓库代码时，无论是克隆，拉取、推送还是提交，经常会出现fatal: unable to access 'xxx': Failed to connect to github.com port 443: Timed out 禁止访问连接或者github连接超时异常，有时候即使开了梯子也没用，把VPN工具改成全局路由模式也不行。下面记录几种常见解决方法，彻底解决git命令连接github连接超时问题。\n\u003C!--more-->\n\n## 1 修改hosts文件\nHosts文件是系统中用于将网址域名与IP地址进行快速映射的数据库，在用户访问网站时优先被查询。这个没有扩展名的系统文件，虽然不起眼，却扮演着至关重要的角色。它类似于一个关联“数据库”，将众多常用的网址域名与对应的IP地址紧密相连。每当用户在浏览器中输入一个网址并尝试登录时，系统会首先自动在Hosts文件中寻找相应的IP地址。一旦找到，系统会迅速打开对应的网页；若未找到，则会自动将网址提交至DNS域名解析服务器进行IP地址的深入解析。\n\n在解决 GitHub 在提交代码时出现 443 错误的问题时，修改 hosts 文件是一个可能的解决方案。这通常发生在 GitHub 的 IP 地址被错误地解析或者 DNS 解析出现问题的情况下，导致连接超时问题。通过修改hosts文件后，你可以绕过国内的访问限制，当尝试访问github及其相关域名时，系统将优先使用这些映射，从而可能解决网络连通性问题。以下是具体步骤：\n\n### 1.1 查找GitHub的IP地址\n首先，你需要找到 GitHub 的 IP 地址。可以通过运行以下命令来获取 GitHub 的 IP 地址：\n```Bash\nping github.com\n```\n![](https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F06\u002F20250629165553736.webp)\n\n或者，你可以使用以下命令获取更多 IP 地址：\n```Bash\nnslookup github.com\n```\n![](https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F06\u002F20250629165553775.webp)\n\n### 1.2 手动编辑hosts文件\n在不同操作系统中，Hosts文件的位置各有不同，便于管理和编辑。例如，在Windows系统中，它通常位于`C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts`{color=primary}路径下；而在Android和iOS系统中，它则分别位于`\u002Fetc\u002Fhosts和\u002Fprivate\u002Fetc\u002Fhosts`{color=primary}等路径。对于Mac OS X系统，其位置则可能因版本不同而有所差异。\n\n- **对于Windows系统** \n\n1、**以管理员权限身份**，通过记事本打开`C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts`{color=primary}文件。  \n2、在文件末尾添加以下行（替换 \u003Cgithub_ip> 为你从 ping 或 nslookup 命令中获取的 IP 地址）:\n ```bash\n  \u003Cgithub_ip> github.com\n ``` \n3、保存修改后的配置文件，并关闭文件。  \n4、为了确保更改生效，你可以清空 DNS 缓存，在终端刷新本地DNS缓存：\n ```bash\nipconfig \u002Fflushdns\n ``` \n- **对于 macOS 或 Linux**\n\n1、打开终端。  \n2、使用文本编辑器打开 \u002Fetc\u002Fhosts 文件，例如使用命令：\n```bash\n sudo vi \u002Fetc\u002Fhosts\n```\n3、在文件末尾添加以下行（同样替换 \u003Cgithub_ip>）：\n```bash\n \u003Cgithub_ip> github.com\n```\n4、保存修改后的配置文件，并关闭文件。  \n5、在 macOS 或 Linux 上，通常不需要手动清空 DNS 缓存，因为系统会自动处理。但如果你怀疑有缓存问题，可以尝试重启你的计算机。\n::callout{icon=\"circum:warning\" color=\"primary\"}\n温馨提示\u003C\u002Fbr>\n1 修改hosts方法可能不太稳定，但至少在一定程度上能够解决问题。如果过一段时间后，发现修改hosts也无法连接，需要重新修改hosts文件中ip和github映射关系。\u003C\u002Fbr>\n2 如果`hosts`文件中加入`\u003Cgithub ip> github.com`后发现还是连接不通，可以尝试加入以下IP地址和域名映射关系：\n```bash\n185.199.108.154   github.githubassets.com\n140.82.113.22     central.github.com\n185.199.108.133   desktop.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.109.153   assets-cdn.github.com\n185.199.110.133   camo.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   github.map.fastly.net\n151.101.201.194   github.global.ssl.fastly.net\n140.82.116.3      gist.github.com\n185.199.108.153   github.io\n140.82.116.3      github.com\n140.82.116.6      api.github.com\n185.199.111.133   raw.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   user-images.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   favicons.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.110.133   avatars5.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars4.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars3.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.109.133   avatars2.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars1.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.108.133   avatars0.githubusercontent.com\n185.199.109.133   avatars.githubusercontent.com\n140.82.116.9      codeload.github.com\n52.217.135.153    github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com\n3.5.21.109        github-com.s3.amazonaws.com\n3.5.29.177        github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com\n52.216.63.25      github-production-user-asset-6210df.s3.amazonaws.com\n52.217.223.1      github-production-repository-file-5c1aeb.s3.amazonaws.com\n185.199.110.153   githubstatus.com\n140.82.112.17     github.community\n185.199.108.133   media.githubusercontent.com\n```\n上面具体域名对应的映射ip，可以通过命令行ping的方式获取。\n::\n\n### 1.3 工具编辑hosts文件\n\n\n对于windows系统可以借助第三方工具`WinHostsManager`进行修改`hosts`文件。‌ WinHostsManager 是一款功能强大的hosts文件管理工具，主要用于管理和修改hosts文件。‌\n\n\nWinHostsManager的主要功能包括：\n\n\n1. **添加新的host项目‌：** 用户可以轻松添加新的IP地址和域名映射。\n2. **保存修改‌：** 将新的IP地址和域名直接加载到hosts文件中并保存\n3. **显示最高映射方案‌：** 提供当前最高的映射方案，方便用户选择。\n4. **获取最快的主机IP编辑方式‌：** 优化编辑过程，提高编辑效率。\n5. **支持重启主机‌：** 编辑完成后，支持重启主机以应用更改\n6. ‌**查看端口项目‌：** 在列表上查看打开的端口项目。\n7. ‌**建立过滤‌：** 提供过滤功能，方便管理hosts文件‌。\n8. **支持禁用ip：**  提供启用和禁用ip和域名映射关系功能。\n\n\n此外，WinHostsManager还具有以下特点：\n\n\n- **操作简单‌：** 用户无需知道hosts文件的保存位置，即可进行修改。\n- **节省时间‌：** 软件会自动将内容写入hosts文件，节省了在C盘上查找hosts文件地址的时间。\n- **支持特殊地址访问‌：** 帮助用户访问一些特殊地址。\n- **备份和恢复功能‌：** 支持hosts文件的备份和恢复，确保数据安全‌。\n\n## 2 配置GIT代理\n\n\n通常我们访问GitHub站点都需要本地打开VPN工具才能访问，但即使打开VPN工具，打开了全局代理模式，git拉取或者提交代码依然报443连接错误。在Git中配置代理服务器是为了帮助你通过一个HTTP或HTTPS代理连接到GitHub外部网络资源，根据你的网络环境，你可能需要设置代理来绕过某些限制或提高访问速度，才能让git客户端通过VPN代理渠道访问github，否则git客户端不走VPN代理就会出现连接错误。\n\n\n### 2.1 VPN代理IP和端口\n\n\n打开本地VPN工具，查看设置页面http(s)代理IP和端口。以海豚湾为例，查看方法如下图：\n![](https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F07\u002F20250701092746871.webp)\n或者查看电脑本地代理端口，查看方法如下图：\n![](https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jfork.top\u002F2025\u002F07\u002F20250701092752202.webp)\n\n\n### 2.2 GIT本地代理配置\n**1. 全局代理配置**\n\n\n如果你希望对所有Git操作使用同一个代理服务器，你可以通过以下命令格式配置全局代理：\n```bash\n# 配置http代理\ngit config --global http.proxy http:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n# 配置https代理\ngit config --global https.proxy https:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n```\n将`proxy_address`和`port`替换为你的代理服务器的地址和端口。例如：您正在使用127.0.0.1的代理服务器和4780的端口，那么您需要输入以下命令：\n```bash\n# 配置http代理\ngit config --global http.proxy http:\u002F\u002F127.0.0.1:4780\n# 配置https代理\ngit config --global https.proxy https:\u002F\u002F127.0.0.1:4780\n```\n**2. 单个仓库代理配置**\n\n\n如果你只想为特定的Git仓库设置代理，而不是全局，你需要进入到本地具体代码仓库目录下，使用以下命令：\n```bash\ngit config http.proxy http:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\ngit config https.proxy https:\u002F\u002Fproxy_address:port\n```\n同样地，替换`proxy_address`和`port`为你的代理服务器信息。\n\n\n**3. 取消代理配置**\n\n\n如果你需要取消之前设置的代理配置，可以使用以下命令：\n```bash\ngit config --global --unset http.proxy\ngit config --global --unset https.proxy\n```\n或者针对单个仓库：\n```bash\ngit config --unset http.proxy\ngit config --unset https.proxy\n```\n**4. 查看代理配置**\n\n\n如果你需要查询当前代理配置，可以使用以下命令：\n```bash\n# 查看http代理\ngit config --global --get  http.proxy\n# 查看https代理\ngit config --global --get  https.proxy\n```\n或者针对单个仓库：\n```bash\n# 查看http代理\ngit config  --get  http.proxy\n# 查看https代理\ngit config  --get  https.proxy\n```\n如果VPN代理IP和端口发生改变，需要重新配置git代码地址。\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n",11.1,{"title":6,"description":951},{"loc":961},"blog\u002F6.GitHub克隆拉取和推送代码时443超时问题解决方法",[333],[969],{"name":970,"symbol":651,"icon":971,"id":333},"Git","material-icon-theme:git","2026-03-12 10:40:16",1996,"vFy9LUFJ-IZZNa1x68MqY4OkE25ZgUNhV_YUVxsQ-6g",1778143539077]